The internet has changed a lot since HTML 4.01 became a standard in 1999.
Today, some elements in HTML 4.01 are obsolete, never used, or not
used the way they were intended to. These elements are deleted or
re-written in HTML5.
To better handle today's internet use, HTML5 also includes new elements for
better structure, drawing, media content, and better form handling.
New Markup Elements
New elements for better structure:
| Tag | Description |
|---|---|
| <article> | Specifies independent, self-contained content, could be a news-article, blog post, forum post, or other articles which can be distributed independently from the rest of the site. |
| <aside> | For content aside from the content it is placed in. The aside content should be related to the surrounding content |
| <bdi> | For text that should not be bound to the text-direction of its parent elements |
| <command> | A button, or a radiobutton, or a checkbox |
| <details> | For describing details about a document, or parts of a document |
| <summary> | A caption, or summary, inside the details element |
| <figure> | For grouping a section of stand-alone content, could be a video |
| <figcaption> | The caption of the figure section |
| <footer> | For a footer of a document or section, could include the name of the author, the date of the document, contact information, or copyright information |
| <header> | For an introduction of a document or section, could include navigation |
| <hgroup> | For a section of headings, using <h1> to <h6>, where the largest is the main heading of the section, and the others are sub-headings |
| <mark> | For text that should be highlighted |
| <meter> | For a measurement, used only if the maximum and minimum values are known |
| <nav> | For a section of navigation |
| <progress> | The state of a work in progress |
| <ruby> | For ruby annotation (Chinese notes or characters) |
| <rt> | For explanation of the ruby annotation |
| <rp> | What to show browsers that do not support the ruby element |
| <section> | For a section in a document. Such as chapters, headers, footers, or any other sections of the document |
| <time> | For defining a time or a date, or both |
| <wbr> | Word break. For defining a line-break opportunity. |
New Media Elements
HTML5 provides a new standard for media content:
| Tag | Description |
|---|---|
| <audio> | For multimedia content, sounds, music or other audio streams |
| <video> | For video content, such as a movie clip or other video streams |
| <source> | For media resources for media elements, defined inside video or audio elements |
| <embed> | For embedded content, such as a plug-in |
| <track> | For text tracks used in mediaplayers |
The Canvas Element
The canvas element uses JavaScript to make drawings on a web page.
| Tag | Description |
|---|---|
| <canvas> | For making graphics with a script |
New Form Elements
HTML5 offers more form elements, with more functionality:
| Tag | Description |
|---|---|
| <datalist> | A list of options for input values |
| <keygen> | Generate keys to authenticate users |
| <output> | For different types of output, such as output written by a script |
New Input Type Attribute Values
Also, the input element's type attribute has many new values, for
better input control before sending it to the server:
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| tel | The input value is of type telephone number |
| search | The input field is a search field |
| url | The input value is a URL |
| The input value is one or more email addresses | |
| datetime | The input value is a date and/or time |
| date | The input value is a date |
| month | The input value is a month |
| week | The input value is a week |
| time | The input value is of type time |
| datetime-local | The input value is a local date/time |
| number | The input value is a number |
| range | The input value is a number in a given range |
| color | The input value is a hexadecimal color, like #FF8800 |
| placeholder | Specifies a short hint that describes the expected value of an input field |
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